who在英语中主要引导 定语从句 ,用于修饰名词或代词,提供关于先行词的额外信息。以下是具体说明:
定语从句
who引导的定语从句可作主语或宾语,例如:
主语:
Who is the author of this book!
This is the man who lives next door.
宾语:
I met the girl whom the teacher praised.
特殊疑问句
作为疑问代词,who可独立引导特殊疑问句,例如:
Who is calling you?
先行词要求
who引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示人的名词或代词,如:
The teacher who taught us last year is very kind.
若先行词既有人又有物,则需使用that引导定语从句。
人称与数的一致性
who在定语从句中的人称、数与先行词保持一致,例如:
The students who passed the exam received certificates.
关系代词与关系副词的区分
who只能指代人,而which、that可指代人或物。例如:
The book that I borrowed is fascinating.
关系代词 :
*who (作主语/宾语)
*whom (仅作宾语,可省略)
关系副词 :
where(指代地点):The meeting where we discussed the project took place last week.
when(指代时间):The song when it was sung made me nostalgic.
why(指代原因):I don't understand the movie why it was so popular.
通过以上分析可知,who的引导功能主要局限于定语从句中,且需根据先行词和语法结构选择合适用法。