动词加-ed的规则主要取决于动词末尾字母的发音和词形结构,具体规则如下:
一般动词直接加-ed
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d或去掉e加-ed。例如:
dance → danced
look → looked
clean → cleaned
以辅音字母y结尾的动词
变y为i再加-ed。例如:
study → studied
fly → flew
carry → carried
重读闭音节(单音节)动词
末尾为单个辅音字母+元音(a/e/i/o/u)的短元音,需双写辅音字母再加-ed。例如:
stop → stopped
jump → jumped
plan → planned
以清辅音结尾的动词
加-ed后读/t/,如:
work → worked
kiss → kissed
stop → stopped
以浊辅音结尾的动词
加-ed后读/d/,如:
live → lived
call → called
play → played
一般名词直接加-ed :
look → looked
plant → planted
work → worked
以元音字母y结尾的名词 :
直接加-ed,如:
baby → baby
country → country
以辅音字母y结尾的名词 :
变y为i再加-ed,如:
baby → baby
country → country